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THE WEEKLY PARSHA

YITRO

[ Dvar Torah ] [ Passages on Prayer ]
[ Stories of the Sages ] [ Education ]

(Taken from a weekly publication of Hammaayan Institutes.
Translated by Rabbi Shabtai Teicher)

THE WEEKLY PARSHA
Rabbi Abahu said in the name of Rabbi Yochanan that when G-d gave the Torah there was not a bird that did chirp, neither did one fly; no ox bellowed, the angels did not fly or sing "Holy, holy holy," the sea did not storm and the creatures did not speak. Rather, the entire creation was still, and then a Voice announced, "I am the L-rd your G-d...."

When a person sees an extraordinary event entirely contrary to the ususal way of things, then he talks about it. The more unusual the event, the greater is his amazement, and the more he must express his wonder over the thing that he saw or heard. However, surprise and wonder can reach a point where it is no longer possible to express anything. The means of expression no longer function, and a person is left speechless and dumbfounded, as it is written, "Silence is praise unto You..." (Psalms 65:2).

It was reported in the Talmud (Brachot) that Rabbi Chanina was present once, when a prayer leader said, "G-d, the great, the powerful, and the awesome, the mighty, the strong, the courageous, the dependable, the honorable...." Rabbi Chanina waited until he was finished with this list of praises. When the prayer leader finished he said to him, "Have you finished all the praises of your L-rd?

"If it were not that Moshe listed three specific praises, "G-d, the great, the powerful and the awesome," and the Men of the Great Assembly inserted those words into the order of prayer, then we would also not be able to say them. Yet, you come along and say all this!"

A further example to elucidate this point is recorded there in the Talmud. There was a king who had millions of silver coins in his treasury. He was praised because he had thousands of silver coins. In effect, it was not praise at all, but diminution.

There is an additional, deeper point concerning this phenomenon of speechlessness. Human intellect is a powerful spiritual force. It is not bound by the limitations of physical nature. In contrast, the power of speech is a wonderful phenomenon. It is full of creative potential. Nevertheless, relative to the intellect, the power of speech is physical and limited. When a person wants to put into words the conceptions of his mind, he must contract and diminish a potentially infinite thought into a few limited, strictly defined words. It then seems to the one who hears the words, and even to the speaker himself, that the content and meaning of the words is all that was contained in the thought.

It is known that Chazal like to praise silence. They did this because of the tremendous value that they placed upon speech. If a word is worth a dollar, then silence is worth two. Silence highlights and guards the importance of what is said when a person does speak. However, here we see that sometimes silence is more appropriate than any speech.

THE PRAYERS OF OUR MOUTH

The ninth blessing of the Amidah prayer, "Blessed are You G-d, who blesses the years," was instituted in emulation of the angels who sang this praise when the patriarch Yitzchak planted seed and then the well of Meah Shearim (One Hundred Gates) was discovered.

Why was it put in the ninth place?

The Levush writes that the intention of this blessing is against price gougers. The verse "Break the arm of the wicked..." (Psalms 10:15) is also directed against the price gougers specifically, and not merely against all the wicked people. How is this known?

In the verse previous to it (Psalms 10:14), it is written, "...He lies in wait to catch the poor." Does a bandit lie in wait to ambush poor people? Of course, he waits to ambush wealthy people who have money or goods. However, most price gougers are waiting to make their illicit profits from the poor. The rich have wheat and produce stored in their homes. They do not need to buy at outrageous prices.

Therefore, David asked for mercy for the poor. He was praying that G-d should bring bounty to the world, and that would automatically nullify the schemes of the price gougers and "Break the arm of the wicked." This verse concludes: "...And the evil will seek its wickedness, but it will not find it." In other words, when the evil price gouger seeks to implement his wicked plan there will be so much bounty on the market that he will not be able to find a way to do what he had in mind.

These verses appears in the tenth chapter of Psalms. However, the first two chapters of Psalms are often considered as one. And those who do not consider the first and second as one consider the ninth and tenth as one chapter. Thus, these verses directed against the price gougers, appearing in the tenth chapter of Psalms, can be considered according to all opinions as if they were written "in the ninth." Consequently, the blessing of the years, which was arranged with the same intention as what King David wrote "in the ninth," also appear in the ninth place of the Amidah.

The Seder Hayom writes that this blessing appears after the blessing where we ask for health and cure of our sicknesses and ailments because a person does not look for his livelihood when he is sick. However, when he is cured, then he once again begins to look for his parnassah in order to complete the cure physically ans spiritually.

He also writes that in this blessing our mind should be focused on asking G-d to provide our livelihood in an easy manner, without a lot of hardship, and in a manner which is permitted, and not in a way which is prohibited.

STORIES OF OUR SAGES

"...And make known to them the way that they should go" (Exodus 18:20).

The tzadik, Rebbe Meier of Primishilyan was a beloved friend of the tzadik, the Rebbe of Ruzhin. Austerity, strict economy and poverty ruled in the house of Rebbe Meier. All the furniture and untensils in the house were old and broken. The great amounts of charity which he received were always dispersed entirely to the poor, and he never allowed even one penny to remain in his possession over night.

In contrast, the household of the tzadik of Ruzhin was conducted with wealth and granduer like royalty.

Rebbe Meier of Primishilyan was accustomed to say, "What is the difference between me and the tzadik of Ruzhin? Concerning him it is written, `Wealth and plenty are in his house, and his righteousness lasts forever" (Psalms 112:3). Concerning me it is written, `He disperses, he gives to the poor, and his righteousness lasts forever...'" (ibid.,9).

It once happened that the two tzadikim met while they were traveling. The Primishilyaner was riding in a simple wagon drawn by one horse. The Ruzhiner was riding in a royal coach drawn by four handsome horses.

The Ruzhiner said to the Primilshiyaner, "I am riding in a coach drawn by four horses. If the coach gets bogged down in mud, the horses can pull it out easily and quickly. But why is Your Honor riding in a wagon drawn by one horse?"

The Primishilyaner answered, "Since I am riding in a wagon drawn by one horse, I know that if I get stuck in the mud I will not be able to get it out. Therefore, I am careful in the first place that the wagon should not get stuck in the mud...."

EDUCATING OUR CHILDREN

A child sits all day in the classroom where the teachers have fulfilled their obligations. They have made sure that he prayed, that he learned, ate, made blessings over the food, conducted himself properly, behaved with his friends, wrote.... Then the child returns home loaded with all this.

Now comes the turn of the parents to fulfill their duty as parents and educators. However, let us not hide the truth.

Mother, whom the child meets first upon returning home, has been busy all day taking care of the house and the small children. By the time the evening comes, she wants to give them supper, wash them and put them to bed in order that she can also rest a little from her daily chores and restore her own strength.

When Father comes home he has already completed a whole day of working to bring home a livelihood. In the evening he will run to prayers and to learn a little. When he finally arrives home he is tired and drained. He also wants to rest a little.

Thus, it happens that both of them forget the child who has come home loaded with the experiences of the last eight or ten hours that he has spent outside of the house. He wants to tell them. Indeed, he is not only interested in telling them, but he has to tell them, at least to his mother, if not also to his father who will come home afterwards.

If the child comes home and his mother asks him what happened today in school, even if she gives him only ten minutes of attention, then this child will be mentally healthy and he will progress intellectually; he will behave properly and he will mature to be a respectable person.

Any person, especially a child, is likely to forget what he has seen or heard if he does not have a chance to speak about it with anyone else. On the other hand, if the child knows that when he arrives home there will be someone who takes an interest in what he saw and heard that day, then he will review in his mind his experiences before he even arrives. When he enters the house, he will immediately say "shalom," and his eyes will be sparkling with joy and emotion because he has something to say.

The child's mother should make sure that he tells what he has to say slowly and distinctly. She is improving his mental health just by helping him to speak clearly. By remembering what he saw and heard, he is improving his mind, and if he heard some things about proper, ethical conduct, and if Mother adds to them somewhat, then he will certainly learn to behave properly and advance splendidly into adulthood.

In this important matter there is really no difference in the age of the child, whether he is in kindergarten or first grade or eigth grade. The younger and the older children both want attention. The only difference is in the content.

The older a child is, then the content of his studies is increased. He must do homework, but if the mother or father give him a little time to help him review his studies or do his homework, then it makes a big difference to him. As for the parents, they are first of all fulfilling the mitzvah of "teach them to your children." Secondly, they will be causing themselves joy and "nachat" because they will see their child progressing in his studies and they will be proud about it.

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